Variable Effects of Non-Falciparum Species Infections on Malaria Disease Severity in High Transmission Regions in Senegal

The variable impact of non-falciparum

 infections on malaria severity in high-transmission areas of Senegal Conclusion In areas of high transmission, Plasmodium falciparum has traditionally been considered the main pathogen causing severe malaria. However, non-falciparum species such as Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium Introduction 

ovale also contribute to the malaria burden, but their impact on disease severity is less clear. In this article, we examine the variable impact of non-falciparum species on malaria severity in high-transmission areas of Senegal, focusing on clinical outcomes, interactions with Plasmodium falciparum and implications for public health Introduction Introduction Malaria continues to pose a significant public health challenge, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where Plasmodium falciparum accounts for the majority of cases. Despite this dominance, infections caused by pathogens not belonging to the Plasmodium falciparum species, such as Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale, are increasingly recognized as contributing to the malaria disease burden. The distribution of these species and their impact on disease severity remains poorly understood, Introduction especially in areas with high transmission such as Senegal. A better understanding of non-falciparum malaria infections is essential to improve disease surveillance, improve diagnosis and optimize treatment strategies. Methods This study is based on a synthesis of clinical and epidemiological surveillance in Senegal, including data from routine surveillance systems and targeted cross-sectional studies. Key parameters analyzed include the prevalence of non-falciparum malaria infections, rates of P. falciparum coinfection, and clinical outcomes such as anemia, respiratory complications and immune responses. Results Introduction . Prevalence of non-falciparum malaria infections Malaria parasites have been detected in up to 20% of malaria cases, often in association with P. falciparum infections. P The prevalence of P. vivax and P. ovale was low, ranging from 5 to 10% in different regions and Introduction . ; Clinical outcomes P. falciparum infections are associated with chronic anemia and nephrotic syndrome, with the highest burden observed in the pediatric population. P. vivax infections are relatively rare but can cause severe consequences, such as shortness of breath, in non-immune individuals. P. ovale infections were mostly mild but could worsen when co-infection with P. falciparum occurred.  class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">